The Armagh County Museum is housed in a distinctive Ionic building that is located in the centre of the city of Armagh, on the east side of the Mall.

Opened in 1937, the museum (which is the oldest county museum in Ireland) examines the history of the town and county of Armagh, and the changing lifestyles of its inhabitants over the years. The wide-ranging collections include artefacts inherited from the previous occupants of the building, the Armagh Natural History and Philosophical Society. There are many taxidermy specimens among the Natural History section, which also focuses on the geological origins of the area through displays of fossils.

Prehistoric artefacts, including pottery and tools, are contained in the collection of archaeological items, while the folkcrafts section has exhibits relating to traditional craft. There are Victorian costumes on display, and military outfits can be found among other military paraphernalia, such as rifles and swords. The museum also contains a small art gallery featuring the work of several Irish painters, including an extensive collection of paintings by the artist and poet G.W. Russell (otherwise known as AE).

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